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Saturday, September 22, 2007

The Construction

Colosseum Construction
The Colosseum is roughly elliptical in shape

Its long axis, oriented WNW-ESE, measures 188 metres and the short one 156.

Its coordinates are: latitude 41° 53' 33" North, longitude 12° 29' 31" East

The overall height of the building is 48,5 metres (159’)

The arena measures 76 m by 44 (249 by 144 feet, or 83 by 48 yard)

The building stands on a base of 2 steps; there are 3 floors of arcades and a 4th storey with windows (see image on the right).

There were 80 arches on every floor, divided by pillars with a half column.

The arches are 4.20 m. (13’9") wide and 7.05 m (23’1") high on the ground floor; on the upper floors they are only 6.45 m (21’2") high

The seating was raised 3.60 m above the arena, and it has a gradient of 37°

The ancient capacity is calculated between 50.000 and 75.000 spectators

300 tons of metal were used for the iron clamps that connected the limestone blocks together

The ground floor, in limestone, is 90 cm thick on average

Over 100.000 cubic metres of travertine stone were used (45.000 for the external wall only)

A road about 20 km long was built to transport the travertine stones from the quarries near Tivoli

All around the top there were sockets for 240 wooden beams which supported the awning (velarium)

In 2005 the Colosseum was visited by 3.880.179 visitors, for a lord income of 23.4 million Euros


(a)The plan of the amphitheatre



                                                        (b)Part of a drawing of the facade



(c)A map of the undergrounds of the Colosseum.
At the centre of the image is the bottom of the arena; above and below, the rooms beneath the cavea, where the shows were prepared (from Luciani, Il Colosseo)



(d)The design of the polycentric curve of the arena



(e)Some phases of the construction



(f)A section of the external drains




(g)




(h)




(i)A section of the Colosseum

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